We use principal component analysis on 55 bilateral exchange rates of 11 developed currencies to identify two important global risk sources in FX markets. The risk sources are related to Carry and Dollar but are not spanned by these factors. We estimate the market prices associated with the two risk sources in the cross-section of FX market returns and construct FX market implied country-specific SDFs. The SDF volatilities are related to interest rates and expected carry trade returns in the cross-section. The SDFs price international stock returns and are related to important financial stress indicators and macroeconomic fundamentals. The first principal risk is associated with the TED spread, quantities measuring volatility, tail and contagion risks and future economic growth. It earns a relatively small implied Sharpe ratio. The second principal risk is associated with the default and term spreads and quantities capturing volatility and illiquidity risks. It further correlates with future changes in the long term interest rate and earns a large implied Sharpe ratio.

Keywords: Currency risks, carry trades, stochastic discount factor, principal components

Continue reading here.